Cardiovascular disease (CVD), which refers to all conditions affecting the heart and blood vessels, is currently the leading cause of death globally. The World Health Organisation reported that CVD is responsible for 17 million deaths every year, which translates to approximately 31% of all deaths globally, and expects this figure to rise to over 23 million by 2030. CVD also represents a major economic burden. The annual cost of CVD to the economy is estimated to range between £19-35 billion in the UK and over $500 billion in the USA. The prevalence and cost of CVD mean that there is an urgent need for solutions to raise standards of care and improve patient outcomes.

 

This report is segmented into three chapters to cover topics related to the detection, monitoring and treatment of CVD.

 

The main technologies for detection of CVD are artificial intelligence (AI) in cardiovascular imaging and in vitro diagnostics (IVD) at point-of-care (POC). AI in imaging is discussed rather than imaging in general because the imaging technologies available today have not evolved greatly for a number of years. It is the integration of AI into these systems that represents the current innovations of interest. The IVD section explores the four main types of IVD POC tests: lab-on-a-chip (LOAC), electrochemical test strips, lateral flow assays (LFAs) and molecular diagnostics (MDx).

 

The monitoring chapter discusses emerging technologies in remote patient monitoring (RPM). Wearables - such as skin patches, accessories and smart clothing - are the primary topic as most innovations are made in this field. Some non-wearable technology is also highlighted.

 

Current trends in the treatment of CVD revolve around cardiac rhythm management and cardiovascular tissue generation. The treatments chapter thus mainly covers devices for cardiac rhythm management & heart failure and tissue engineering & 3D bioprinting. Cardiac valves & stents are not mentioned at length due to the lack of emerging technologies in this area. Innovations in surgery are also not covered, although transcatheter ablation is discussed as this procedure is so minimally invasive that it is not considered surgery. It also sheds light on other approaches and types of treatment currently available for various CVDs.

 

Examples of technologies highlighted in this report include sensors for the detection of cardiac biomarkers, electronic skin patches for cardiac monitoring, wrist-worn devices for blood pressure monitoring, digital stethoscopes, implantable cardiac monitors and defibrillators, ablation catheters, and an ultra-sound based device for the removal of arterial calcium.

 

IDTechEx interviewed a total of 36 companies and research organisations over the phone or in person. These companies operate in the fields of cardiovascular imaging, artificial intelligence, POC diagnostics, remote patient monitoring, wearable technology, implantable devices, catheter ablation, tissue engineering, 3D bioprinting and more.

 

The following forecasts are included in the report:

• Ambulatory cardiac monitoring

• Smart clothing suitable for RPM

• Wearable accessories for RPM

• Devices for cardiac rhythm management and heart failure

 

The ten year forecasts are built on information derived from company interviews, financial reports and press releases, among other sources. Parameters used to calculate values include size of the company, product range, number of units sold and pricing. Other factors such as competitive landscape, access to new entrants and regulatory frameworks were used to extrapolate data for the next decade.

The report also provides information such as historical revenue data, market drivers & constraints, ongoing clinical trials and investments/funding in a number of topics - as well as how these factors impact the emergence of innovative technologies.

 

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