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1. | EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS |
1.1. | Purpose and scope of this report |
1.2. | Primary conclusions in summary |
1.3. | Drivers and benefits of mining electrification |
1.4. | Views of mining executives |
1.5. | IDTechEx mines of the future infogram |
1.6. | Types of mine emerging |
1.6.1. | Deep mines, block caving and sea floor |
1.6.2. | Open pit (open cast) all-electric mine of the future |
1.6.3. | Electric land and air deep pit vehicles charging from zero emission microgrids |
1.7. | Making and storing the electricity |
1.8. | Repurposing with electricity |
1.9. | Industry trends: zero-emission vehicles and power generation |
1.10. | Some regional trends |
1.11. | Industry technical dynamics |
1.12. | Mining capex trends |
1.13. | Market forecasts number k electric mining vehicles 2022-2042 |
1.14. | Market forecasts unit price $k mining electric land vehicles 2022-2042 |
1.15. | Market forecasts mining electric land vehicles 2022-2042 - market value $ billion |
1.16. | Transition from diesel |
1.16.1. | When mining BEVs have lower up-front price than diesel 2022-2042 |
1.16.2. | Facilitating transition |
1.16.3. | Evidence of the price parity/ size trend |
1.17. | Examples of excellence in actual and potential mine electrification |
1.18. | Mining vehicle market outlook |
1.19. | Adoption timeline for mining electrification 2022-2032 |
1.20. | Adoption timeline for mining electrification 2032-2042 |
1.21. | Patent analysis |
2. | INTRODUCTION |
2.1. | Mining today |
2.2. | Mining basics |
2.3. | Mining gets more challenging |
2.4. | More mining needed |
2.5. | Threats, incentives, views of mining executives |
2.6. | Electric vehicles EV vs non-electric vehicles |
2.7. | Diesel vs battery-electric cost |
2.8. | Vehicles used in both construction and mining |
2.9. | Hybrids as interim stage |
2.10. | Powertrain trends by type of mining vehicle |
2.11. | Vehicle simplification |
2.11.1. | Reduce diesel mining vehicle parts by 90% with electrics: same as with cars |
2.12. | Pollution control |
2.12.1. | Carbon dioxide emissions from mobile machinery |
2.12.2. | Emission push for pure electric equipment |
2.13. | Major equipment manufacturers: 11 examples of CAM coverage |
2.14. | Dana Oerlikon |
2.15. | Here come mines electrified then unmanned |
2.15.1. | Overview |
2.15.2. | Goldcorp Chapleau unmanned electric mine 2020 |
2.16. | Sustainable mining |
2.17. | Future of quarrying |
2.18. | Future of underground mining |
2.19. | Mining EV manufacturers by type and maturity 2020 |
2.20. | EVs in operation by mine: examples |
2.21. | Examples of EVs for mines |
2.22. | Examples: load haul dump LHD |
3. | MINE ELECTRIFICATION LEADING TO END-OF-LIFE INCOME INSTEAD OF COST |
3.1. | Overview |
3.2. | Energy storage classification |
3.3. | Batteries currently dominate mine stationary energy storage |
3.4. | Primary conclusions for stationary storage without batteries 2022-2042: big picture |
3.5. | Primary conclusions for stationary storage without batteries 2022-2042: technology |
3.6. | Growing energy storage market |
3.7. | Addressing the issues - technology evolution |
3.8. | Which technology will dominate the overall battery-less market including mining? |
3.9. | Gravity storage |
3.9.1. | Energy Vault |
3.9.2. | Gravitricity - piston-based energy storage |
3.9.3. | Mountain Gravity Energy Storage (MGES) |
3.9.4. | Underground - U-PHES Gravity Power and Heindl |
3.10. | Compressed air CAES storage |
3.10.1. | Principles and issues |
3.10.2. | Example of employing former mines |
3.10.3. | Drawbacks of CAES |
3.10.4. | Diabatic Compressed Energy Storage (D-CAES) |
3.10.5. | Adiabatic - Compressed Air Energy Storage (A-CAES) |
3.10.6. | Isothermal - Compressed Air Energy Storage (I-CAES) |
3.10.7. | Main players in CAES technologies |
3.10.8. | CAES players and projects to 2027 |
3.11. | Liquid Air Energy Storage |
3.11.1. | Overview |
3.11.2. | LAES Companies and Projects |
3.11.3. | LAES Analyst analysis |
3.12. | Roundup: Different properties for different applications |
3.13. | Comparison of energy storage devices |
3.14. | Stationary energy storage without batteries MWh 2041 |
3.15. | Repurposing mines as electricity generators |
4. | NEW TOOLKIT FOR ENERGY-INDEPENDENT, ZERO-EMISSION MINE POWER |
4.1. | Progress to CAM electrics with off-grid zero emission |
4.2. | Making the electricity |
4.3. | Mining by use of self-produced zero-emission electricity |
4.4. | Zero emission microgrids: solar, water, wind reinvented |
4.5. | New options beyond solar: relocatable, much less intermittent |
4.6. | Open tide "tide stream" power options mimic wind power options |
4.7. | Comparison of off-grid technology options |
4.8. | New power generating technology kVA comparison |
4.9. | Airborne Wind Energy developers |
4.10. | Open sea wave power technologies |
4.11. | Green hydrogen from renewables |
4.12. | Photovoltaics |
4.12.1. | Rio Tinto solar mine |
4.12.2. | What is fitted on satellites appears on mining microgrids and vehicles later |
4.12.3. | Solar bodywork |
4.12.4. | Solar gensets |
4.12.5. | Envision Solar transportable solar tracks the sun |
4.12.6. | Floatovoltaics for coal mining and gravel pits |
4.12.7. | Anatomy of a typical solar + battery microgrid |
4.12.8. | Solar vs diesel cost analysis |
5. | MINING ELECTRIC VEHICLE APPRAISAL: 23 MANUFACTURERS |
5.1. | Artisan Vehicle Systems (Sandvik) |
5.2. | BYD |
5.3. | Caterpillar |
5.4. | Deere & Co |
5.5. | Energetique Mining Vehicles |
5.6. | Epiroc |
5.7. | ETF Mining |
5.8. | GE Mining |
5.9. | Hitachi |
5.10. | Kiruna |
5.11. | Komatsu including Joy Global, Le Tourneau |
5.12. | Liebherr Group |
5.13. | LuiGong |
5.14. | Maclean Engineering |
5.15. | Medatech |
5.16. | Miller Technology |
5.17. | Normet |
5.18. | OJSC Belaz |
5.19. | Partisan Motors |
5.20. | RDH Scharf |
5.21. | Sandvik |
5.22. | Sany |
5.23. | Volvo Group |
6. | AUTONOMOUS AND REMOTELY OPERATED MINING VEHICLES IN ACTION |
6.1. | Overview |
6.2. | Challenges |
6.3. | Built Robotics |
6.4. | Mine rescue Gemini Scout |
6.5. | Mine inspection AZO Robotics |
6.6. | Mine monitor Julius |
6.7. | Underwater UNEXMiN |
6.8. | Drilling rig Epiroc Simba W6-C |
6.9. | Giant dump trucks Komatsu |
6.10. | Quarries Volvo |
6.11. | GMG mining robot guidelines |
7. | ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MINING ELECTRIC VEHICLES |
7.1. | Seven key EV enabling technologies for mining EVs |
7.2. | Overview of electrics in mining vehicles |
7.3. | Traction motors |
7.3.1. | Overview |
7.3.2. | Operating principles for EV use |
7.3.3. | Electric motor choices in EVs for CAM applications |
7.3.4. | Example: Le Tourneau and others |
7.3.5. | Choices of motor position |
7.3.6. | Saminco |
7.3.7. | Siemens |
7.3.8. | Motor trends: Protean Electric, Lightyear, YASA |
7.3.9. | Ziehl-Abegg in-wheel drive for trucks etc. |
7.3.10. | Possible long term trend of motor technology |
7.4. | Batteries and supercapacitors |
7.4.1. | Overview |
7.4.2. | Battery requirements for CAM electric vehicles |
7.4.3. | Example: JCB excavators |
7.4.4. | Future W/kg vs Wh/kg 2020-2030 |
7.4.5. | Energy density 2020-2030 |
7.4.6. | Disadvantages of Li-ion batteries |
7.4.7. | Forecast of Li-ion battery cost (industrial) $/kWh) |
7.4.8. | Battery packs |
7.4.9. | BYD |
7.4.10. | Akasol |
7.4.11. | Lithium Storage GmbH |
7.4.12. | Battery Packs - Saminco |
幻灯片 | 311 |
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预测 | 2042 |
ISBN | 9781913899646 |